Panel Design
The concentration of each DNA sample to be plated is normalized to 150 ng/ul and then this concentration is verified. The specific position on the plates has been optimized to reduce any possible errors in sample identity during the genotyping process. For controls, one well remains empty for a user control sample (well A01), and two samples are duplicated (ND13802 is in A09 and F01; ND13718 is in C07 and C12). One well, B10, is not to be used.

Diagnostic and Clinical Features The phenotypic details of any single subject can be viewed from the panel members by clicking on the individual ID number.

For subject inclusion, complete NINDS Repository Clinical Data Elements (CDEs) were required. Furthermore, only subjects who met the UK Brain Bank Criteria idiopathic Parkinson's disease were included (Hughes AJ, Daniel SE, Kilford L, Lees AJ. Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease. A clinico-pathological study of 100 cases. JNNP 1992;55:181-184).By those criteria, all subjects had bradykinesia, and at least one of the following: 1) muscular rigidity; 2) 4-6 Hz resting tremor; 3) postural instability (not caused by primary visual, vestibular, cerebellar, or proprioceptive dysfunction). None had exclusionary features.

All samples and data were collected with informed consent under local IRB approved protocols. These samples are generously shared by the clinical teams of Drs. John Hardy, Andrew Singleton, Dennis Dickson, Zbigniew Wszolek, Michael Okun, Ronald Mandel, Okan Dogu, Laura Marsh, Ira Shoulson, David Simon, Kapil Sethi, David Coffey, Ray Watts, Jose Bueri, Arif Dalvi, Roger Elble, Nestor Galvez-Jimenez, Sami Harik, Danna Jennings, Roger Kurlan, Michael Schwarzschild, Holly Shill, Andrew Siderowf, Kelly Lyons, Janice Miyasaki, Josef Novak, Joseph Savitt, Tanya Simuni, David Song, Marsh Tennis, Daniel Truong, and Frederick Wooten.

Family history
All subjects were queried regarding family history of parkinsonism, dementia, tremor, gait disorders, and other neurological dysfunction. Subjects both with and without a eported family history of Parkinson's disease were included on this panel. None were included who had three or more relatives with parkinsonism, nor with apparent Mendelian inheritance of PD. Additional family history data are available by viewing the excel file containing all the clinical data.

Publications
Please cite the panel number and the NINDS Repository in any publications, and share those references with the NINDS Repository Management Team at Coriell (NINDS@Coriell.org). Portions or all of this statement may be used in publications relevant to this panel.

Other Samples, Positive Controls
Samples which may be useful as controls for this panel are additionally available via the NINDS Repository catalogue. Note that positive controls for synuclein triplication and parkin mutation as well as individuals without Parkinson's or other neurological disease are avail